ABSTRACT
Carcinoma of the esophagus can metastasize to unusual sites. We report a patient with esophageal carcinoma with retrograde spread to the mesenteric and iliac lymph nodes from celiac nodes, demonstrated by magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by FNAC.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Ilium , Lymphatic Metastasis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Mesentery , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) at different concentrations (0.5 to 5.0 ng/ml) mixed with food was fed to third instar larvae of hsp26-lacZ transgenic Drosophila for 2 hr and hsp26 gene expression was examined by beta-galactosidase staining. Puffing in salivary gland polytene chromosomes was also studied. Brain and midgut of larvae showed dark blue staining at 2.0 and 5.0 ng/ml of HCH. Absence of induced puffing at 67B and 84D in the salivary gland polytene chromosomes indicated that these glands are not affected. The study suggests presence of the vulnerable sites in larvae to the higher concentrations of HCH.
Subject(s)
Animals , Animals, Genetically Modified , Drosophila Proteins , Gene Expression Regulation/drug effects , Heat-Shock Proteins/genetics , Hexachlorocyclohexane/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Changes in lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase level in rat brain due to single exposure to diethyl ether (anaesthetic) were studied in 100 and 300 day old rats. Enhancement of superoxide dismutase activity was more pronounced in young rat brain, while the reverse was the case with lipid peroxidation. The neurotoxic effects of diethyl ether may involve active oxygen species and superoxide dismutase activity increases as a defensive adaptation.